Learning Outcomes
• To acquire knowledge on basic concepts and tests of Toxicology, mechanisms of action of various toxic substances and their toxic effects on various organs and tissues of the body.
• To acquire knowledge of clinical toxicology (symptoms, therapeutic measures, antidotes, detoxification measures) of various toxic substances or drugs, and to acquire knowledge about substances used for doping of athletes (doping)
Study of the toxicity of various environmental factors [based either on the biological responses (eg, carcinogenicity and teratogenicity) or on the effects on specific target organs] as well as protection capacities.
Correlation of the physiological processes and the molecular mechanisms responsible for the corresponding toxicity
Students are tought how to search for the relevant information so that they can later seek bibliography and deepen and other issues not covered during the one semester
Course Content (Syllabus)
Introduction to Toxicology. Basic principles of the action of toxic substances. Toxicity testing in animals. Toxicokinetics: Absorption, distribution and excretion of toxic substances. Metabolism of toxic substances (xenobiotics). Mechanisms of nephrotoxicity and renal failure. Mechanisms of hepatotoxicity. Mechanisms of toxicity to the skin. Poisons and poisoning. Therapeutic management of poisoning - general and specific antidotes. Drug abuse of drugs and substances in sport (doping): Anabolics/Androgens, CNS stimulants, beta-blockers, diuretics, narcotics/analgesics, human growth hormone, erythropoietin and blood, ergogenic vitamins, non-pharmaceutical doping, control of doping. Clinical Toxicology I: Toxicokinetics, treatment of acute poisoning, supportive measures, measures to reduce absorption of toxic substances, measures to increase excretion of toxic substances. Clinical Toxicology II: Paracetamol, salicylates, cardiac glycosides, ethanol, tricyclic antidepressants, benzodiazepines, derivatives phenothiazins, anticholinergics, amphetamine and related compounds, opioids, pesticides (chlorinated hydrocarbons, organophosphorus esters, carbamates), cyanide, iron, mercury.
Mutagenesis – toxicogenomics – new technologies in toxicology.
Carcinogenesis from environmental factors (chemicals, viruses, drugs, radiation)
Teratogenesis
Nervous system toxicity. Toxicity of hematopoietic system.
Respiratory system toxicity. Cardiovascular system toxicity