Learning Outcomes
After the successful completion of the course the students will be able to:
- know the Koranic interpretations of the martyrdom (shahâdat) and the martyr (Shahîd)
- distinguish the concept of martyrdom between Sunni and Shiite Islam
- link the anthropological model of the martyr of faith to the social and missionary impact of his presence, and to wider questionings concerning the meeting of the Christian identity with the religious diversity.
- approach comparatively the points of convergence and divergence of the concept of martyrdom in Islam and Christianity
Course Content (Syllabus)
In this course we will initially present the Koranic interpretations of the martyrdom (shahâdat) and the martyr (Shahîd), and the ways in which the Muslim tradition experienced these concepts. Subsequently we will contrast the notion of the martyrdom between Sunni and Shiite Islam. Then a systematic conceptual approach of the Christian martyrdom follows, based on three fundamental axes: (a) Christ-centered, as imitation of the death of Christ on the cross, (b) ontologically, as contempt for life in favor of truly Life, and (c) theologically, as confession and testimony of the truth, and, instead, in favor of the truth. In the end we will briefly refer to fundamental historical examples of Christian martyrdom (persecutions, neomartyrs and Christian martyrs of 20th century) and, with a more critical look, to the way in which these examples and their foundations in the hagiological and spiritual consciousness of the believing community responded to the current needs of the latter (empowerment of a heroic super-ego, arithmetic multiplication, practical proof of faith against religious opponents, missionary uses or resonances).