Learning Outcomes
- Will have become familiar with the general directions of the main 20th century philosophical currents (phenomenology/existentialism, analytic philosophy/philosophy of language, western Marxism/critical theory).
- Will have acquired the ability to further study the thought of the main representatives of these currents.
Course Content (Syllabus)
The purpose of this course is the introduction to the three main currents of contemporary philosophy developed during the 20th century (Phenomenology, analytic philosophy and Western Marxism). We will consider the main traits of the thought of their central representatives and the influence they had on other 20th century thinkers. More concretely we will discuss:
1) The current of analytic philosophy/philosophy of language, with reference to Gottlob Frege, Bertrand Russel, and Ludwig Wittgenstein, and to further developments within 20th century epistemology, in the Vienna school (Schlick, Carnap, Neurath) and the historical approach to science (Kuhn, Feyerabend, Lakatos).
2) The current of phenomenology/existentialism, with reference to Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger, but also to further developments in Gadamer’s hermeneuticsa and Derrida’s deconstruction.
3) The current of western Marxism/critical theory, with reference to Georg Lukács, the Frankfurt school (Horkheimer, Adorno, Habermas), structural Marxism (Althusser) and post-structuralism (Foucault).
4) The general 20th century trend towards the critique of subjectivity and reason as a continuation and radicalization of the deconstruction of the philosophical systems that began in the 19th century.