Learning Outcomes
1. Understand and describe the origin of sedimentary rocks and the sedimentary processes.
2. Understand and describe the texture of the sedimentary rocks and its statistical parameters.
3. Understand and describe the components of the clastic sediments.
4. Understand and describe the petrographic types of the sedimentary rocks. In particular, the clastic, chemical and biogenic rocks.
Course Content (Syllabus)
1. Origin of sedimentary rocks and sedimentation processes
Sedimentation rates and factors affect their rate. Processes of sedimentary rocks origin (physical, chemical, biological) and sediments genesis (weathering-transportation-deposition-diagenesis). Weathering factors, weathering and climate, weathering and clay minerals. Forms of diagenesis, late diagenesis transplantation and anchimetamorphosis.
2. Texture of the sedimentary rocks and statistical parameters
Texture of the sedimentary rocks. Clastic sediments texture. Carbonate rocks texture. Statistical parameters. Textural maturity. Mineralogical maturity. Orientation. Porosity-Permeability.
3. Components of clastic sediments
Quartz, feldspars, rock or mineral fragments, heavy minerals, zeolites, chain silicates, organic matter and other constituents. Cement materials. Mineral and rock alterations and transformations. Chemical composition of sedimentary rocks.
4. Petrographic types of sedimentary rocks
4.1. Clastic sediments: Conglomerate and Breccia. Sandstones: Diagenesis, classification, petrographic types. Mudstones: Components, classification, petrographic types, sedimentary rocks rich in iron. Clays: Diagenesis and petrographic types. Residual weathering rocks: Laterites and bauxites. Soil: Components, textural classes and soil genesis. Flysch - Molasse. Volcanoclastic sediments and zeolitic sedimentary rocks. Clastic sedimentary rocks of Greece.
4.2. Chemical and Biological Sediments: Evaporites. Carbonate sediments: Carbonaceous sedimentation, mineral components, carbonate mud, sand and formations, diagenesis and classification and petrographic types of carbonate sediments. Silica sediments. Phosphorites. Carbonaceous sediments. Chemical and biogenic sedimentary rocks of Greece.
Keywords
Sediments, sedimentary rocks, petrographic types, components, texture
Course Bibliography (Eudoxus)
1. Ιζηματογενή Πετρώματα, Ανανίας Τσιραμπίδης, Εκδοτικός οίκος Γιαχούδη, Θεσσαλονίκη, 317 σελ., 2008. ISBN: 978-960-6700-22-4
2. Ιζηματολογία, Αν. Ψιλοβίκος και Αρ. Ψιλοβίκος, Εκδόσεις Τζιόλα, Θεσσαλονίκη, 512 σελ., 2019. ISBN-13: 978-960-418-374-6