Learning Outcomes
Comprehension and critical assessment of key approaches to the concept of freedom in modern philosophy.
Development of analytical and critical, argumentative skills in relevant topics.
Development of skills in critical essay writing on the topics of the course and modern political philosophy.
Course Content (Syllabus)
The course explores different accounts of freedom in the philosophy of Marx, in classical and modern liberalism (I.Kant, J.St. Mill, I.Berlin), in modern critical thought (C. Castoriadis, M. Foucault) and in the contemporary theory of social movements (M. Hardt, A. Negri, R. Day, S. Newman). It identifies three key different approaches. The first one assumes the existence of a fixed human nature and objective, universal truths in science, ethics, politics and history. Its understanding of freedom is grounded in these truths. The second foregrounds the negative liberty of individuals to act as they will unimpeded by external obstacles, and the third construes freedom as the power to question established truths and to create society and the self in an active, reflective manner. The course will examine the various epistemological, social and other assumptions of these interpretations of freedom and it will discuss their political implications for the contemporary thought and practice of freedom.
Course Bibliography (Eudoxus)
1. Αϊζάια Μπερλίν, Τέσσερα δοκίμια περί ελευθερίας, Scripta, 2001.
2. Κ. Καστοριάδης, Ανθρωπολογία, πολιτική, φιλοσοφία, Ύψιλον, 1993
Additional bibliography for study
1. Κ. Μαρξ, Φ. Ένγκελς, Η Γερμανική Ιδεολογία, Gutenberg, 1989
2. K. Mαρξ, Φ. Ένγκελς, Το μανιφέστο του κομμουνιστικού κόμματος, Θεμέλιο, 1999
3. Ι. Καντ, Κριτική του πρακτικού λόγου, Εστία, 2009
4. Ι. Καντ, Τα θεμέλια της μεταφυσικής των ηθών, Δωδώνη, 1984
5. Τζ. Στ. Μιλλ, Περί ελευθερίας, Επίκουρος, 1983
6. K. Kαστοριάδης, Η φαντασιακή θέσμιση της κοινωνίας, Ράππας, 1985
7. Μ. Φουκώ, Τι είναι διαφωτισμός; Έρασμος, 1988
8. Μ. Χαρντ, Α. Νέγκρι, Πλήθος, Αλεξάνδρεια, 2011
9. R. Day, Το τέλος της ηγεμονίας, Ελευθεριακή Κουλτούρα, 2008