THE SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CONSTRUCTION OF GENDER IDENTITY
| Title | ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΗ ΚΑΙ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΙΚΗ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ ΤΩΝ ΤΑΥΤΟΤΗΤΩΝ ΦΥΛΟΥ / THE SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CONSTRUCTION OF GENDER IDENTITY |
| Code | ΕΜ18 |
| Faculty | Education |
| School | Primary Education |
| Cycle / Level | 1st / Undergraduate |
| Teaching Period | Winter/Spring |
| Coordinator | Dimitra Kogkidou |
| Common | Yes |
| Status | Inactive |
| Course ID | 600017562 |
| Academic Year | 2023 – 2024 |
| Class Period | Winter |
| Faculty Instructors | |
| Weekly Hours | 3 |
| Total Hours | 39 |
| Class ID | 600243227
|
Class Schedule
| Building | Παιδαγωγικό Μπλε |
| Floor | Ισόγειο |
| Hall | ΑΙΘΟΥΣΑ ΛΥΟΜΕΝΟ 1 (172) |
| Calendar | Freitag 15:00 to 18:00 |
Course Type 2016-2020
- General Knowledge
Course Type 2011-2015
General Foundation
Mode of Delivery
- Face to face
Digital Course Content
- e-Study Guide https://qa.auth.gr/en/class/1/600243227
- At the Website of the School:
- eLearning (Moodle): https://elearning.auth.gr/course/view.php?id=5654
Erasmus
The course is also offered to exchange programme students.
Language of Instruction
- Greek (Instruction, Examination)
- English (Examination)
Learning Outcomes
The aim of the course is the scrutinization by the students of the procedures according to which gender “identities” are formed as a means of social and cultural constructions. It is equally important for the students to become more sensitive to the political reasons that greatly order the transformation of the society to more equal forms of gender.
The special objectives of the course are:
The introduction of the problematic aspect of gender and the students’ adoption of a critical attitude towards their personal sex-role representations. The way and the practices that have composed these representations are equally important.
The sensitization to the use of anti-sexist language and practices, and development of the ability to spot gender inequalities and discrimination both in the sector of education and in a wider social range.
The projection of gender inequalities as a basic and fundamental principle of democracy, and the depiction of the restrictions that gender inequalities create in the full-scale development of each agent’s personality.
General Competences
- Apply knowledge in practice
- Adapt to new situations
- Work in teams
- Appreciate diversity and multiculturality
- Demonstrate social, professional and ethical commitment and sensitivity to gender issues
Course Content (Syllabus)
This course is divided into nine (9) units:
1. From the second feminist wave to the feminisms, and from the development of Women’s and Men’s Studies to Gender and Queer Studies.
An introductory approach of the feminist thought is attempted, along with the feminist tendencies that have been developed through time. The creation of both Women’s and Men’s Studies in Universities and Gender and Queer Studies is also important. Those frameworks helped the elevation and emergence of the contemporary questioning of gender.
2. The semantic counterpoint of the biological and social sex-gender and of the self-evident aspect of heterosexuality.
The feminist questioning is presented in relation to the binary sex-gender, while at the same time there is an attempt to connect those concepts with the naturalization of heterosexuality as self-evident norm. Adrienne Rich’s and Monique Wittig’s approaches are debatable along with the effort to disconnect heterosexuality from gender “identity”.
3. The de-naturalization of gender and the gender performances.
There is an effort to de-naturalize gender and disconnect its biological aspect. Gender is presented as a social, cultural, economic and political construction. There is an attempt to analyze the anti-essential approach of the post-modern feminist and philosopher Judith Butler about gender performances. The social and cultural context of the production of the feminist post-modern speculation is scrutinized. The relation of this speculation with the political movement of gender, sexuality and queer theory are under concern, as well.
4. The fluidity and diversity of gender: Gender identities in other places and times.
Interest is focused on gender “poetics” in connection with gender’s fluidity, diversity and modes of expression through gender performing practices. This unit is enriched with ethnographic reports of gender constructions of “identities” in other places or times both in Greece and in non-western societies. Emphasis is put on the interconnection of gender with other aspects of “identity”, such as age, race, sexuality, social and economic stratification, religion, etc.
5. “Masculinity”, “femininity”, “androgyny”: psychological approaches to gender formation.
The basic approaches to gender formation are presented:
Freud’s theory, post-freudian psychoanalysis and lacanian theory
The object relations theory by Nancy Chodorow
The theory of social learning by Albert Bandura and Walter Mischel
The theory of cognitive development by Lawrence Kohlberg
The gender schema theory
The theory of psychological androgyny by Sandra Bem
It should also be mentioned that the parallel annotation of the feminist criticism and dispute of those speculations is not excluded.
6. From the sex-role socialization to the agent.
The interpretation of gender “identities” formation through the mechanistic sex-role socialization is doubted. On the other hand the involvement of the agent in this construction/formation is examined.
7. Gender, body and performance: The gender body as a place of learning, as a vehicle of cultural values and political struggle.
The physical objective and self-evident aspect of the gender body is doubted. Gender body is regarded as a field of recording cultural values and messages. Consequently it is thought as a place of gender learning and of political struggle through specific Discourses that contribute to its meaning as performance.
8. Education as an institution of learning, formation and re-formation of gender “identities”.
The interest is focused on the educational institution as a mechanism of constitution and re-constitution of gender “identities” procedures. More specifically, there is an effort to scrutinize the meaning of being a girl/woman – a boy/man in school contexts. There is concern about how heterosexism, homophobia and misogyny form the “male” and “female” identities of the students and teachers and how these procedures of identity are doubted by the same agents and are constantly re-formed.
9. Towards a (political) un-doing of gender “identities”.
There is discussion about the un-doing of the gender and of the gender inequality as a way of feminist politics. This “un-doing” aims at the full-scale development of the subject, outside and beyond the oppressive frames of the restrictions and commitments of gender and of the gender stereotypical prejudices that imprison and suppress the subject.
Keywords
Gender Studies, Gender identities, Masculinity, femininity, feminism
Educational Material Types
- Multimedia
- Book
Use of Information and Communication Technologies
Use of ICT
- Use of ICT in Course Teaching
- Use of ICT in Student Assessment
Description
https://elearning.auth.gr/course/view.php?id=6264
Course Organization
| Activities | Workload | ECTS | Individual | Teamwork | Erasmus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lectures | 60 | ||||
| Reading Assigment | 30 | ||||
| Written assigments | 30 | ||||
| Total | 120 |
Student Assessment
Description
The teaching of the course includes lectures and seminar-type discussions in groups. Exercises of self-awareness, recording and analysis of personal experience in individual or group level are also used. This course presupposes the active participation of students. This happens because the adoption of practices that promote issues of gender equality in the educational system -and generally in the society- is based on the de-construction and the exceeding of the subjective, stereotypical, gender prejudices, attitudes and practices and it also based on the re-construction of new skills.
Indicative bibliography for the preparation of each unit is provided.
Way of evaluation
The evaluation of the students is based on a essays
Student Assessment methods
- Written Assignment (Summative)
- Performance / Staging (Summative)
Bibliography
Course Bibliography (Eudoxus)
Φ. Πολίτης (2006) Οι «Ανδρικές Ταυτότητες» στο Σχολείο -Ετεροσεξουαλικότητα, Ομοφυλοφοβία και Μισογυνισμός, Θεσσαλονίκη: Επίκεντρο.
ISBN: 9789606647499
Κωδικός στον Εύδοξο: 15108
Additional bibliography for study
ΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΗ ΒΟΗΘΗΤΙΚΟΥ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΤΙΚΟΥ ΥΛΙΚΟΥ ΓΙΑ ΤΗΝ ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΗ ΘΕΜΑΤΩΝ ΣΧΕΤΙΚΑ ΜΕ ΤΑ ΦΥΛΑ ΣΤΗΝ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΤΙΚΗ ΔΙΑΔΙΚΑΣΙΑ
http://www.isotita-epeaek.gr/welcome.htm
ΒΙΒΛΙΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ
Ενδεικτική βιβλιογραφία προετοιμασίας ανά ενότητα σύμφωνα με το σχεδιάγραμμα του μαθήματος
• Εισαγωγικά: Από το δεύτερο φεμινιστικό κύμα στους φεμινισμούς (feminisms) και από την ανάπτυξη των Γυναικείων & Ανδρικών Σπουδών στις Σπουδές Φύλου και στις Queer Σπουδές
Bryson, Valerie (2005) [2003] Φεμινιστική Πολιτική Θεωρία, (μετ. Ελεάννα Πανάγου), Αθήνα: Μεταίχμιο.
Evans, Mary (2004) [2003] Φύλο και Κοινωνική Θεωρία, (μετ. Αλέξανδρος Κιουπκιολής), Αθήνα: Μεταίχμιο.
Κογκίδου, Δήμητρα (1993) Η θεσμοθέτηση γυναικείων σπουδών στα Ελληνικά Πανεπιστήμια: Η περίπτωση του Παιδαγωγικού Τμήματος Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης Α.Π.Θ., στο Πρακτικά Ευρωπαϊκού Συνεδρίου (1996) Οι Γυναικείες Σπουδές στην Ελλάδα και η Ευρωπαϊκή Εμπειρία (Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης, 4-6 Νοεμβρίου 1993), διοργανωτής: Ομάδα Γυναικείων Σπουδών του Αριστοτέλειου Πανεπιστήμιου Θεσσαλονίκης, Θεσσαλονίκη: Παρατηρητής, σσ.196-206.
Κογκίδου, Δήμητρα (2004) Φύλο και αναλυτικά προγράμματα: Η «υπόσχεση» των γυναικείων σπουδών στα ελληνικά πανεπιστήμια στον 21ο αιώνα, στο Μπαγάκης, Γιώργος (επιμ.) Ο Εκπαιδευτικός και το Αναλυτικό Πρόγραμμα, Αθήνα: Μεταίχμιο, σσ.256-63.
Richardson, Diane / Robinson, Victoria (1993) (eds) Introducing Women’s Studies, London: Macmillan.
• Η εννοιολογική αντίστιξη βιολογικού και κοινωνικού φύλου (sex-gender) και το αυτονόητο της ετεροσεξουαλικότητας
Γιαννακόπουλος, Κώστας (2006) (επιμ.) Σεξουαλικότητα: Θεωρίες και Πολιτικές της Ανθρωπολογίας, (μετ. Βενετία Καντσά, Πελαγία Μαρκέτου, Αθηνά Αθανασίου, Κώστας Γιαννακόπουλος, Λιόπη Αμπατζή, Ποθητή Χαντζαρούλα), Αθήνα: Αλεξάνδρεια.
Connell, Robert, W. (2006) [2002] Το Κοινωνικό Φύλο, (πρόλ. Δήμητρα Κογκίδου, Φώτης Πολίτης), (μετ. Ελένη Κοτσιφού), Θεσσαλονίκη: Επίκεντρο.
Delphy, Christine (1993) Rethinking sex and gender, Women’s Studies International Forum, 16, 1, pp.1-9.
Irigaray, Luce (1985) [1977] This Sex Which Is Not One, (trans. Catherine Porter, Carolyn Burke), Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press.
Κογκίδου, Δήμητρα / Πολίτης, Φώτης (2006) Η εννοιολόγηση του φύλου στη φεμινιστική σκέψη: Τα όρια του δίπολου βιολογικό-κοινωνικό φύλο και η απαρχή του τρίτου φεμινιστικού κύματος, στο Connell, W. Robert [2002] Το Κοινωνικό Φύλο, (πρόλ. Δήμητρα Κογκίδου, Φώτης Πολίτης), (μετ. Ελένη Κοτσιφού), Θεσσαλονίκη: Επίκεντρο, σσ.1-29.
Oakley, Ann (1985) [1972] Sex, Gender and Society, Aldershot, Hants: Gower.
Rich, Adrienne (1980) Compulsory heterosexuality and lesbian existence, Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 5, 4, pp.631-60.
Richardson, Diane (1996) (ed.) Theorising Heterosexuality: Telling it Straight, Buckingham: Open University Press.
Wittig, Monique (1992) The Straight Mind and Other Essays, Boston/Hemel Hempstead: Beacon Press/ Harvester Wheatsheaf.
• Η απο-φυσιοποίηση του φύλου και οι έμφυλες επιτελέσεις (gender performances)
Αθανασίου, Αθηνά (2006) (επιμ.) Φεμινιστική Θεωρία και Πολιτισμική Κριτική, (μετ. Πελαγία Μαρκέτου, Μαργαρίτα Μηλιώρη, Αιμίλιος Τσεκένης), Αθήνα: Νήσος.
Butler, Judith (1990) Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity, New York/London: Routledge.
Butler, Judith (1997) Excitable Speech: A Politics of the Performative, New York: Routledge.
Fausto-Sterling, Αnn (1992) Myths of Gender: Biological Theories About Women and Men, New York: Basic Books, (2nd edition).
• Η «πλαστικότητα» και η πληθυκότητα του φύλου: Οι έμφυλες «ταυτότητες» σε άλλα μέρη και σε άλλες εποχές
Cornwall, Andrea / Lindisfarne, Nancy (1994) (eds) Dislocating Masculinity: Comparative Ethnographies, London: Routledge.
Παπαταξιάρχης, Ευθύμιος / Παραδέλλης, Θεόδωρος (1992) (επιμ.) Ταυτότητες και Φύλο στη Σύγχρονη Ελλάδα: Ανθρωπολογικές Προσεγγίσεις, Αθήνα: Καστανιώτης/Πανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου.
• «Ανδρισμός», «θηλυκότητα», «ανδρογυνισμός»: Ψυχολογικές προσεγγίσεις συγκρότησης του φύλου
Bem, Sandra, Lipsitz (1974) The measurement of psychological androgyny, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 2, pp.155-62.
Chodorow, J. Nancy (1978) The Reproduction of Mothering: Psychoanalysis and the Sociology of Gender, Berkley/Los Angeles, California: University of California Press.
Chodorow, J. Nancy (1994) Femininities, Masculinities, Sexualities: Freud and Beyond, London: Free Association Books.
Lacan, Jacques (1977) Ecrits: A Selection, (trans. Alan Sheridan), New York: Norton.
Ιγγλέση, Χρύση (1993) [1990] Πρόσωπα Γυναικών Προσωπεία της Συνείδησης: Συγκρότηση της Γυναικείας Ταυτότητας στην Ελληνική Κοινωνία, Αθήνα: Οδυσσέας, (3η έκδοση).
• Από την έμφυλη κοινωνικοποίηση στο ενεργό υποκείμενο
Connell, W. Robert (1987) Gender and Power: Society, the Person and Sexual Politics, Cambridge: Polity Press.
Henriques, Julian / Hollway, Wendy / Urwin, Cathy / Venn, Couze / Walkerdine, Valerie (1998) [1984] Changing the Subject: Psychology, Social Regulation and Subjectivity, London: Routledge.
• Φύλο, σώμα και επιτέλεση: το έμφυλο σώμα ως τόπος μάθησης, φορέας πολιτισμικών αξιών και πολιτικού αγώνα
Αθανασίου, Αθηνά (2006) (επιμ.) Φεμινιστική Θεωρία και Πολιτισμική Κριτική, (μετ. Πελαγία Μαρκέτου, Μαργαρίτα Μηλιώρη, Αιμίλιος Τσεκένης), Αθήνα: Νήσος.
Butler, Judith (1993) Bodies that Matter: On the Discursive Limits of «Sex», New York: Routledge.
Fausto-Sterling, Αnn (1999) Sexing the Body: Gender Politics and the Construction of Sexuality, New York: Basic Books.
Featherstone, Mike (2000) (ed.) Body Modification, London: Sage.
Laqueur, Thomas (2003) [1990] Κατασκευάζοντας το Φύλο: Σώμα και Κοινωνικό Φύλο από τους Αρχαίους Έλληνες έως τον Φρόιντ, (πρόλ. Κώστας Γιαννακόπουλος), (μετ. Πελαγία Μαρκέτου), Αθήνα: Πολύτροπον.
• Η εκπαίδευση ως θεσμός μόρφωσης, δια-μόρφωσης και ανα-μόρφωσης έμφυλων «ταυτοτήτων»
Arnot, Madeleine (2006) [2002] Διαδικασίες Αναπαραγωγής του Φύλου: Εκπαιδευτική Θεωρία και Φεμινιστικές Πολιτικές, (επιμ. Βασιλική Δεληγιάννη-Κουιμτζή), (μετ. Χριστίνα Αθανασιάδου, Κατερίνα Δαλακούρα), Αθήνα: Μεταίχμιο.
Davies, Bronwyn (1989) Frogs and Snails and Feminist Tales: Preschool Children and Gender, St. Leonards: Allen & Unwin.
Kehily, Mary, Jane (2002) Sexuality, Gender and Schooling: Shifting Agendas in Social Learning, London: Routledge.
Πολίτης, Φώτης (2006) Οι «Ανδρικές Ταυτότητες» στο Σχολείο: Ετεροσεξουαλικότητα, Ομοφυλοφοβία και Μισογυνισμός, (πρόλ. Δήμητρα Κογκίδου), Θεσσαλονίκη: Επίκεντρο.
Thorne, Barrie (1993) Gender Play: Girls and Boys in School, Buckingham: Open University Press.
Φρειδερίκου, Αλεξάνδρα (1995) «Η Τζένη πίσω από το τζάμι»: Αναπαραστάσεις των Φύλων στα Εγχειρίδια Γλωσσικής Διδασκαλίας του Δημοτικού Σχολείου, Αθήνα: Ελληνικά Γράμματα.
• Προς ένα (πολιτικό) απο-γίγνεσθαι των έμφυλων «ταυτοτήτων»
Butler, Judith (2004) Undoing Gender, New York: Routledge.
Davies, Bronwyn (1993) Shards of Glass: Reading and Writing Beyond Gendered Identities, St. Leonards: Allen & Unwin.
Last Update
11-11-2022
