Learning Outcomes
- have studied part of the work “Dialectic of Enlightenment” in depth.
- have understood the connections with other works of the same period, as well as with the historical circumstances of the period.
- have reflected on the relationship between nature and culture in its dynamic development.
- be able to study further bibliography on the subject.
Course Content (Syllabus)
Τhe great atrocities of the 20th century, which culminated in the Nazi extermination camps and the mass destruction of World War ΙΙ, were they merely a deviation from the normal course of civilization, which normally implies progress towards a rational society? One of the most compelling theories that attempted to answer this question is provided by Max Horkheimer and T. Adorno in Dialectic of Enlightenment (1944). According to the book's basic position, the development of the cultural process is inextricably linked to a one-sided “instrumental rationalization” and, consequently, to the constant expansion of domination over nature and men. From this perspective, Stalinist or National Socialist barbarism and the contemporary “mass culture” of the so-called “Western democracies” are but two sides of the same trend toward a completely controlled, totalitarian society. History appears to be subject to a “dialectic” that does not lead to the liberation of man but to increased oppression. The critical reading and analysis of the text will aim to familiarize readers with its analyses and identify its possible weaknesses.
Keywords
Max Horkheimer, Theodor Adorno, Dialectic of Englightment, instrumental Reason, domination of nature
Course Bibliography (Eudoxus)
1) Μ. Χορκχάιμερ, Τ.Β. Αντόρνο, Διαλεκτική του διαφωτισμού, Νήσος: Αθήνα 1996.
2) Μ. Jay, Η διαλεκτική φαντασία: Μια ιστορία της Σχολής της Φρανκφούρτης και του Ινστιτούτου Κοινωνικής Έρευνας 1923-1950, Αλεξάνδρεια: Αθήνα 2009.