Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of the course, students will be able to:
1. Understand and define the proper use of rangelands
2. Determine the utilization percentage by grazing animals
3. Assess rangeland condition
4. Practice in carrying capacity calculation
5. Learn the designed grazing management systems
6. Know how to improve rangeland ecosystems
7. Become familiar with inventory methodology
Course Content (Syllabus)
Introduction to the course Management and Improvement of rangelands - relationship with other related sciences. Rangeland Inventory. Determination of quantitative (vegetation cover, composition of vegetation, height of vegetation or plants, forage production) and qualitative characteristics of rangelands vegetation (nutritional value, digestibility, palatability). Plants of high nutritional value for grazing animals and poisonous plants. Intake and diet selection of grazing animals. Forage utilization percentage and methods for its determination in grasslands and shrublands. Key areas, key plant species, and their importance in management plans. Concept of stocking rate and stocking density, calculation at the level of rangeland unit and geographical region. Proper use of rangelands (definition, importance for rational management, indicators for grasslands and shrublands, overstocking indicators). Plant grazing coefficients and factors affecting them. Carrying capacity and grazing capacity. Factors that determine grazing capacity size and methods for its calculation. Monthly animal unit and the equivalent AUM. Reasons for grazing capacity adjustments. Rangeland condition (Factors used to determine pasture condition, Classification of rangeland condition) and rangeland health. Interactions of domestic animals and game animals in rangelands. Supplementary rangelands and fodder and forage crops. Reasons for rangeland degradation and planning for rangeland improvement- restoration. Aim, process, conditions, and economic effects of implementing designed grazing systems. Control (mechanical, chemical, biological) of undesirable plants. Prescribed burning and conditions for its application. Seeding and fertilization in rangelands. Conditions and rules of application of organic fertilization in Greece. Infrastructure projects in rangelands and their contribution to the even distribution of grazing and rational management of rangelands. Range policy. Design grazing management plans for rangelands in the University Forest of Pertouli Trikala.
Keywords
Grazing management plans, proper use, stocking rate- grazing capacity, vegetation utilization percentage, designed grazing management systems.