Course Content (Syllabus)
Carbonyl and related compounds (Aldehydes, Ketones: preparation, properties, nomenclature, characteristic reactions and their mechanisms, characteristic products)
Carboxylic acids (Preparation, properties, Derivatives of carboxylic acids: esters, amides, keto-, hydroxyl- carboxylic acids)
Thiols and sulfides (Preparation reactions, properties, uses)
Amines (Preparation reactions, properties, nomenclature, uses)
Amino acids, peptides and proteins (Physicochemical properties, amide bond, synthesis of peptides, characteristic reactions of amino acids and proteins. Protein structure: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. Characterization and identification of proteins by chemical and physicochemical methods.
Carbohydrates (General, optical isomerism, monosaccharides, stereochemistry of monosaccharides, ring structures, mutarotation, characteristic reactions of monosaccharides, monosaccharides of biological interest e.g. sugars in DNA, RNA, reactions of monosaccharides: oxidation, reduction, effect of acids and bases on monosaccharides, isomerism, Reactions for higher and lower monosaccharides, Derivatives of monosaccharides: glycosides, acids, ethers, acetals).
Disaccharides (Main disaccharides reducing and non reducing, nomenclature, reactions)
Polysaccharides (Starch, cellulose, glycogen)
Aromatic compounds (aromatic behavior, benzene, electrophilic substitution (mono- and di- substituted aromatic hydrocarbons, various products)
Derivatives of benzene (phenols, aromatic acids, mixed aldehydes and ketones, amines)
Diazonium salts: (substitution reactions, coupling reactions of diazonium salts), Azo dyes
Fused aromatic rings (nomenclature, characteristic compounds)
Heterocyclic Compounds (aromatic heterocyclic compounds with 5 or/and 6-member ring, nomenclature, preparation). Fused heterocyclic compounds. Heterocyclic compounds of biological interest: purines and pyrimidines
Lipids: (fats and oils, Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids)
Isoprenes and steroids