LANDSCAPE DESIGN OF URBAN OPEN SPACES

Course Information
TitleΣΧΕΔΙΑΣΜΟΣ ΤΟΠΙΟΥ ΑΣΤΙΚΩΝ ΥΠΑΙΘΡΙΩΝ ΧΩΡΩΝ / LANDSCAPE DESIGN OF URBAN OPEN SPACES
Code07EE10b
FacultyEngineering
SchoolArchitecture
Cycle / Level1st / Undergraduate
Teaching PeriodWinter
CommonNo
StatusActive
Course ID600018115

Programme of Study: MERIKĪ FOITĪSĪ - PROGRAMMA SPOUDŌN 2020-21 EŌS SĪMERA

Registered students: 0
OrientationAttendance TypeSemesterYearECTS
KORMOSElective Courses belonging to the selected specialization746

Programme of Study: PROGRAMMA SPOUDŌN 2020-21 EŌS SĪMERA

Registered students: 0
OrientationAttendance TypeSemesterYearECTS
KORMOSElective Courses belonging to the selected specialization746

Class Information
Academic Year2019 – 2020
Class PeriodWinter
Faculty Instructors
Instructors from Other Categories
Weekly Hours5
Class ID
600148266
Course Type 2016-2020
  • Scientific Area
Course Type 2011-2015
Specific Foundation / Core
Mode of Delivery
  • Face to face
Digital Course Content
Erasmus
The course is also offered to exchange programme students.
Language of Instruction
  • Greek (Instruction, Examination)
  • English (Instruction, Examination)
Prerequisites
Required Courses
  • 04EA10 DESIGN STUDIO 2
General Prerequisites
All the general prerequisits are included within the above mentioned choices.
Learning Outcomes
The students are expected to: - practice in open space design, - carry out an integrated design proposal, from the master plan & concept plan (1:500 )to the detailed landscape design (1:200).
General Competences
  • Apply knowledge in practice
  • Retrieve, analyse and synthesise data and information, with the use of necessary technologies
  • Adapt to new situations
  • Make decisions
  • Work autonomously
  • Work in teams
  • Work in an international context
  • Work in an interdisciplinary team
  • Generate new research ideas
  • Design and manage projects
  • Appreciate diversity and multiculturality
  • Respect natural environment
  • Demonstrate social, professional and ethical commitment and sensitivity to gender issues
  • Be critical and self-critical
  • Advance free, creative and causative thinking
Course Content (Syllabus)
The course focuses on the design of a unity of urban open spaces in Thessaloniki, which may include a square, a park, pedestrian roads, public courtyards, the waterfront, urban streams or other. The scope is to practice in open space design, by carrying out an integrated design proposal aiming at the transformation of these spaces into a unity of upgraded, collective space for everyday use and social activity. Based on the special landscape characteristics, and the potential for development within the context of sustainability, the goal is to set the frame or a strategy as well as the main intentions for the development of a creative and original design proposal. Starting from the landscape analysis, the course proceeds to the development of a concept, as well as to a master plan for the wider region in a large scale, and furthermore to the design of a specific part of the site into a smaller scale. Lectures include either general issues, such as the conceptual context of landscape design, or special issues such as the role of plants in the urban environment from an ecological, and perceptional aspect together with planting design. Emphasis is given on the basic principles of sustainable development of the urban landscape and the importance of public open space in the Greek cities, their special conditions, and needs.
Keywords
landscape architecture, landscape analysis, design and planning
Educational Material Types
  • Notes
  • Slide presentations
  • Book
  • in situ visits
Use of Information and Communication Technologies
Use of ICT
  • Use of ICT in Course Teaching
  • Use of ICT in Communication with Students
Description
Lectures on power point. Use of the blackboard for the student's provision of the course material (maps, drawings, images, power point lectures, other course information and requirements). Announcements on the blackboard during the cemester, concerning both the course or interesting landscape events (exhibitions, seminars, conferences etc) in the city. Email communication.
Course Organization
ActivitiesWorkloadECTSIndividualTeamworkErasmus
Lectures12
Fieldwork25
Reading Assigment13
Tutorial40
Project60
Total150
Student Assessment
Description
Design excercise. Attendancy, completion and evaluation of the year-project (design of urban open space network) Criteria as defined in the Studies Guide.
Student Assessment methods
  • Oral Exams (Formative)
  • Performance / Staging (Formative)
  • Report (Summative)
  • Labortatory Assignment (Formative, Summative)
Bibliography
Course Bibliography (Eudoxus)
Ανανιάδου - Τζημοπούλου Μ., Αρχιτεκτονική Τοπίου. Σχεδιασμός Αστικών Χώρων. Κριτική και Θεωρία. Σύγχρονες Τάσεις Σχεδιασμού Τοπίου, Ζήτη, Θεσσαλονίκη, 1992, α΄έκδ., 1999, β’ έκδ. Ανανιάδου-Τζημοπούλου, Μ. (2009), “Το «Ελληνικό», Πολιτισμικό Πάρκο”, στοΕν ΧώρωΤεχνήεσσα, Τιμητικός Τόμος, Τμήμα Αρχιτεκτόνων, ΑΠΘ, Θεσσαλονίκη, σελ. 59-68. Ανανιάδου –Τζημοπούλου, Μ., Διαμαντόπουλος, Στ., Ζάγκας, Θ., Παπαμίχος, Ν. (2004), Στρατηγικό και Επιχειρησιακό Σχέδιο για το Πράσινο στη Θεσσαλονίκη, Οργανισμός Ρυθμιστικού Σχεδίου και Προστασίας Περιβάλλοντος Θεσσαλονίκης, Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης, Τμήμα Αρχιτεκτόνων, Τομέας Πολεοδομίας, Χωροταξίας και Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης, Θεσσαλονίκη. Ανανιάδου-Τζημοπούλου, Μ. (1982), Η Ανάλυση του Τοπίου στο Σχεδιασμό. Συμβολή στην έρευνα της Αρχιτεκτονικής Τοπίου, Διδακτορική Διατριβή, Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης, Επιστημονική Επετηρίδα Πολυτεχνικής Σχολής, Παράρτημα Αρ. 18, Τόμος Η’, Θεσσαλονίκη. Ανανιάδου-Τζημοπούλου, Μ., Ι.Α. Τσαλικίδης (επιμ), (2006) ΑρχιτεκτονικήΤοπίου: Έρευνα, Εκπαίδευση, ΕφαρμοσμένοΈργο, ΠρακτικάΣυνεδρίου,Εκδόσεις Ζήτη, Θεσσαλονίκη. Ananiadou-Tzimopoulou, M. (1999), "Τhe legacy of Greece in Landscape Design", Topos,The state of European Landscape Architecture, 27, σσ. 88-94. Ananiadou-Tzimopoulou, M. (1998), "Landscape design projects.works of art and culture". Proceedings IFLA Central Region Symposium, Art and Landscape, 8-10 September, Athens, σσ.92-98. Ανδρικοπούλου, Ε. Γιαννακού, Α., Καυκαλάς, Γ., Πατσιάβα-Λατινοπούλου, Μ. (2007), Πόλη και Πολεοδομικές Πρακτικές για τη βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη, εκδόσεις Κριτική, Αθήνα. Γοσποδίνη Α., Μπεριάτος Η. (επιμ.), Τα νέα αστικά τοπία και η Ελληνική πόλη, εκδόσεις Κριτική, Αθήνα, 2006 Berger, A. (2006), Drosscape, Wasting Land in Urban America, Princeton Architectural Press, New York. Clergeau, Ph. (2007), Une écologie du paysage urbain, Editions Apogée, Rennes, France. Coeterier, J.F (1978), “Psychology and Environmental Planning” στοWos, W., Schipper-Anderson, E.A., Van der Berg, A, (eds), Research for Landscape Planning. Some Examples, De Dorschkamp, Wageningen. Corner, J. (1999), “The Agency of Mappping: Speculation, Critique and Invention”, στοMappings, Cosgrove, D. (ed.), Reaktion Books, Ltd., London. και (2007) στο Center 14 on Landscape Urbanism, The Center for American Architecture and Design, σσ. 149-173 Corner J. (ed.) Recovering landscape. Essays in Contemporary Landscape Architecture, Princeton Architectural Press, New York, 1999 Cosgrove, D. (2002), (1984), “Landscape as Cultural Product”, στοSwaffield, S. (ed.) Theory in Landscape Architecture, A Reader, University of Pennsylvania Press, Pennsylvania, σελ. 166. Cullen, G. (1966), The Concise Townscape, University Press, Cambridge. Czemiak, J. (ed.) (2001), Case: Downsview Park Toronto, Cambridge / New York, Harvard / Prestel. Czemiak, J., Hargreaves, G. (eds.) (2007), Large Parks, Princeton University Press, New York. Dale, A. (2001), At the Edge: Sustainable Development in the Twenty-first Century, UBC Press, Vancouver. Daniels, S. and Cosgrove, D., (eds) (1988), The Iconography of Landscape, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, σσ. 1-10. Delavigne, R. (1974), “Le prix du paysage”, Science et Avenir, No sp. H. serie 13. Farr, D. (2008), Sustainable Urbanism, Urban Design with Nature,John Wiley & Sons Inc, New Jersey. Field Operations (2006), FRESH KILLS PARK: LIFESCAPE,Staten Island, New York Draft Master Plan, New York. Girot, Ch.(2006), “Vision in Motion: Representing Landscape in Time”, στοWaldheim, Ch. (ed.),The Landscape Urbanism Reader, Princeton Architectural Press, New York, σσ. 88-103. Gunderson, L. H. (2000), “Ecological Resilience in Theory and Application”, Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics 31. Holling, C.S. (1973), “Resilience and stability of ecological systems”, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,Vol 4, σσ.1-23. Ingallina, P. (2001), Le projet urbain, coll. Que sais-je ?, PUF, Paris. Jellicoe, G. and S. (1995), The Landscape of Man, Shaping the Environment from Prehistory to the Present Day, Third Edition expanded and updated,Thames and Hudson, London. Καραδήμου-ΓερόλυμπουΑ., ΒιτοπούλουΑ. (επιμ.).(2004), Αστικός Σχεδιασμός και Τοπίο, Διδακτικές Σημειώσεις, Διατμηματικό Πρόγραμμα Μεταπτυχιακών Σπουδών Αρχιτεκτονικής Τοπίου, Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης, Θεσσαλονίκη. Kamvasinou, Κ. (2006), “Reclaiming the Obsolete in Transitional Landscapes: Perception, Motion, Engagement”, Journal of Landscape Architecture, Autumn ’06, σσ. 16-27. Koziraki, M., Tratsela, M., (2004), “Enhancement and integration of historic monuments into the urban landscape: a “play” between time and space”, IFLA Central Region Conference, New Landscapes for Old Structures and New Structures in Old Landscapes,3-5 May, Prague. Lassus, B. (1998), The Landscape Approach, University of Pennsylavnia Press, Philadelphia. Latz, P. (2000), “The Idea of Making Time Visible”, Topos 33, Munich, σσ. 94-99. Lewis P., (1979), “Axioms for reading the landscape: some guides to the American Scence”, στοThe Interpretation of Ordinary Landscapes: Geographical Essays, Meining, D.W., Jackson, J.B. et al. (eds), Oxford University Press, New York. καιστο Center 14 on Landscape Urbanism σσ. 149-173. Loreau, M. etals (2001), “Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: current knowledge and future challenges, Science 294, σσ.804-808. Loures, L. & Panagopoulos, T. (2007), “Sustainable reclamation of industrial areas in urban landscape”, στοTransactions on Ecology & the Environment, Vol. 102, WIT Press. Low, S., Taplin, D., Scheld, S. (2005), Rethinking Urban Parks, Public Space and Cultural Diversity, University of Texas Press, Texas. Lynch, K. (1960), (1994),The Image of the City, The MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., London. Mancuso F., Kowalski K., (eds), (2007), Squares of Europe, Squares for Europe, Places d’Europe, Places pour l’Europe, Cracow. Masboungi, Α. (dir.), (2002),Projetsurbains en France - French Urban Strategies, Editions du Moniteur, Paris. McHarg, I. (2007), (1969), “Processes with values”, Center 14, On Landscape Urbanism, The Center for American Architecture and Design, σσ. 10-21. McHarg, I. (1969), Design with Nature, Natural History Press, New York. Mostafavi, M. (2003), “Landscapes of Urbanism”, στοLandscape Urbanism. A Manual for the Machinic Landscape, Mohsen Mostafavi and CiroNajle (eds.), AA Publications, SYL.ES, Spain, σσ. 5-21. Park, K. (2007), “The Urban Ecology of Globalization”, kerb 15, Landscape Urbarnism, McLaren Press, Melbourne, σσ.45-49. Robins, Ed., El-Khoury, R. (eds.) (2004), Shaping the City, Studies in History, Theory and Urban Design, Routledge, New York, London. Στεφάνου, Ι. (2001), Η φυσιογνωμία ενός τόπου. Ο χαρακτήρας της ελληνικής πόλης τον 21ο αιώνα, Εργαστήριο Πολεοδομικής Σύνθεσης ΕΜΠ, Αθήνα. Τερκενλή, Θ.Σ (1996), Το Πολιτισμικό Τοπίο: Γεωγραφικές προσεγγίσεις, Εκδόσεις Παπαζήση, Αθήνα. Τρατσέλα M. (2011) Η Αρχιτεκτονική του Τοπίου της Θεσσαλονίκης: Ο ρόλος της χρονικότητας στο σχεδιασμό του τοπίου, Διδακτορική διατριβή, Τμήμα Αρχιτεκτόνων, ΠΣ ΑΠΘ. Τρατσέλα, Μ., (2009), “Σχεδιάζοντας το σύγχρονο αστικό τοπίο: Κοινωνία, χώρος, χρόνος και σχέσεις διάδρασης”, στοΕν ΧώρωΤεχνήεσσα,Τιμητικός Τόμος, Τμήμα Αρχιτεκτόνων, ΑΠΘ, Θεσσαλονίκη,526-537. TratselaΜ.,KozirakiΜ. (2008) “The natural environment in the contemporary urban landscape: Existing condition and alternative approaches towards enhancement”, E-Proceedings, International Conference, Studying, Modeling and Sense Making of Planet Earth,Mytilene, 1-6 June. Tratsela M., Athanasiadou E.A., Tsalikidis I.A. (2012) “Landscape Architecture and environmental protection: Contemporary planning approaches and issues”, Ε-Proceedings, International Conference, Protection and Restoration of the Environment XI, July 3-6. TratselaΜ., Ananiadou-TzimopoulouΜ. (2013) “Landscape architecture in changing city-scapes”, Proceedings International Conference, “Changing cities” Spatial, morphological, formal & socio-economic dimensions, Department of Planning and Regional Development, University of Thessaly, Technical Chamber of Greece, June 18-21 pp.390-397. Τσαλικίδης, Ι.Α. (2008),Αρχιτεκτονική Τοπίου: Εισαγωγή στη Θεωρία και στην Εφαρμογή, Επίκεντρο, Θεσσαλονίκη. Τσαλικίδης, Ι.Α., Αθανασιάδου, Ε. (2009),Αειφορικός Σχεδιασμός Χρήσεων Γης: Τοπίο και Περιβάλλον,Εκδόσεις Γαρταγάνη, Θεσσαλονίκη. Τσιώμης, Γ. (1994), Αστικός Σχεδιασμός. Μία διαδικασία επανάκτησης της πόλης», Αρχιτεκτονικά Θέματα, 28. Tuan, Y-F, (1979), Thought and landscape: the eye and the mind’s eye. ΣτοThe Interpretation of Ordinary Landscapes, D.W. Meinig (επιμ.), Oxford University Press, Oxford, σσ. 89-102. Waldheim, Ch. (2002), “Landscape Urbanism: A genealogy”, Praxis, Journal of Writing + Bulilding, Issue 4, Praxis Inc., Cambridge, New Orleans, σσ.10-17. Waldheim Ch. (ed.) (2006) The landscape Urbanism Reader, Princeton Architectural Press, New York. Waltner-Toews D., Kay, J., Lister, N.-M. (2008), The Ecosystem Approach: Complexity, Uncertainty, and Managing for Sustainability, Columbia University Press, New York. Wrede, S. (1990), Landscape and Architecture, Caldenby, C., Hultin, O., Asplund, ArkitekturFörlag, Stockholm. BOETTGER, S., Earthworks: Art and The landscape of the Sixties, Berkeley Los Angeles London: University of California Press, 2002. -TIBERGHIEN, A. G., Nature, Art, Paysage, Arles: Actes Sud/ Ecole Nationale Surerieure du Paysage/ Centre du Paysage, 2001 -KWON, M., One Place After Another: Site Specific art And Locational identity, Cambridge: The MIT Press, 2004 -DOHERTY, C. (ed), Contemporary Art, From Studio to Situation, London: Black Dog Publishing, 2004
Additional bibliography for study
Ανανιάδου - Τζημοπούλου Μ., Αρχιτεκτονική Τοπίου. Σχεδιασμός Αστικών Χώρων. Κριτική και Θεωρία. Σύγχρονες Τάσεις Σχεδιασμού Τοπίου, Ζήτη, Θεσσαλονίκη, 1992, α΄έκδ., 1999, β’ έκδ. Ανανιάδου-Τζημοπούλου, Μ. (2009), “Το «Ελληνικό», Πολιτισμικό Πάρκο”, στοΕν ΧώρωΤεχνήεσσα, Τιμητικός Τόμος, Τμήμα Αρχιτεκτόνων, ΑΠΘ, Θεσσαλονίκη, σελ. 59-68. Ανανιάδου –Τζημοπούλου, Μ., Διαμαντόπουλος, Στ., Ζάγκας, Θ., Παπαμίχος, Ν. (2004), Στρατηγικό και Επιχειρησιακό Σχέδιο για το Πράσινο στη Θεσσαλονίκη, Οργανισμός Ρυθμιστικού Σχεδίου και Προστασίας Περιβάλλοντος Θεσσαλονίκης, Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης, Τμήμα Αρχιτεκτόνων, Τομέας Πολεοδομίας, Χωροταξίας και Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης, Θεσσαλονίκη. Ανανιάδου-Τζημοπούλου, Μ. (1982), Η Ανάλυση του Τοπίου στο Σχεδιασμό. Συμβολή στην έρευνα της Αρχιτεκτονικής Τοπίου, Διδακτορική Διατριβή, Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης, Επιστημονική Επετηρίδα Πολυτεχνικής Σχολής, Παράρτημα Αρ. 18, Τόμος Η’, Θεσσαλονίκη. Ανανιάδου-Τζημοπούλου, Μ., Ι.Α. Τσαλικίδης (επιμ), (2006) ΑρχιτεκτονικήΤοπίου: Έρευνα, Εκπαίδευση, ΕφαρμοσμένοΈργο, ΠρακτικάΣυνεδρίου,Εκδόσεις Ζήτη, Θεσσαλονίκη. Ananiadou-Tzimopoulou, M. (1999), "Τhe legacy of Greece in Landscape Design", Topos,The state of European Landscape Architecture, 27, σσ. 88-94. Ananiadou-Tzimopoulou, M. (1998), "Landscape design projects.works of art and culture". Proceedings IFLA Central Region Symposium, Art and Landscape, 8-10 September, Athens, σσ.92-98. Ανδρικοπούλου, Ε. Γιαννακού, Α., Καυκαλάς, Γ., Πατσιάβα-Λατινοπούλου, Μ. (2007), Πόλη και Πολεοδομικές Πρακτικές για τη βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη, εκδόσεις Κριτική, Αθήνα. Γοσποδίνη Α., Μπεριάτος Η. (επιμ.), Τα νέα αστικά τοπία και η Ελληνική πόλη, εκδόσεις Κριτική, Αθήνα, 2006 Berger, A. (2006), Drosscape, Wasting Land in Urban America, Princeton Architectural Press, New York. Clergeau, Ph. (2007), Une écologie du paysage urbain, Editions Apogée, Rennes, France. Coeterier, J.F (1978), “Psychology and Environmental Planning” στοWos, W., Schipper-Anderson, E.A., Van der Berg, A, (eds), Research for Landscape Planning. Some Examples, De Dorschkamp, Wageningen. Corner, J. (1999), “The Agency of Mappping: Speculation, Critique and Invention”, στοMappings, Cosgrove, D. (ed.), Reaktion Books, Ltd., London. και (2007) στο Center 14 on Landscape Urbanism, The Center for American Architecture and Design, σσ. 149-173 Corner J. (ed.) Recovering landscape. Essays in Contemporary Landscape Architecture, Princeton Architectural Press, New York, 1999 Cosgrove, D. (2002), (1984), “Landscape as Cultural Product”, στοSwaffield, S. (ed.) Theory in Landscape Architecture, A Reader, University of Pennsylvania Press, Pennsylvania, σελ. 166. Cullen, G. (1966), The Concise Townscape, University Press, Cambridge. Czemiak, J. (ed.) (2001), Case: Downsview Park Toronto, Cambridge / New York, Harvard / Prestel. Czemiak, J., Hargreaves, G. (eds.) (2007), Large Parks, Princeton University Press, New York. Dale, A. (2001), At the Edge: Sustainable Development in the Twenty-first Century, UBC Press, Vancouver. Daniels, S. and Cosgrove, D., (eds) (1988), The Iconography of Landscape, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, σσ. 1-10. Delavigne, R. (1974), “Le prix du paysage”, Science et Avenir, No sp. H. serie 13. Farr, D. (2008), Sustainable Urbanism, Urban Design with Nature,John Wiley & Sons Inc, New Jersey. Field Operations (2006), FRESH KILLS PARK: LIFESCAPE,Staten Island, New York Draft Master Plan, New York. Girot, Ch.(2006), “Vision in Motion: Representing Landscape in Time”, στοWaldheim, Ch. (ed.),The Landscape Urbanism Reader, Princeton Architectural Press, New York, σσ. 88-103. Gunderson, L. H. (2000), “Ecological Resilience in Theory and Application”, Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics 31. Holling, C.S. (1973), “Resilience and stability of ecological systems”, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,Vol 4, σσ.1-23. Ingallina, P. (2001), Le projet urbain, coll. Que sais-je ?, PUF, Paris. Jellicoe, G. and S. (1995), The Landscape of Man, Shaping the Environment from Prehistory to the Present Day, Third Edition expanded and updated,Thames and Hudson, London. Καραδήμου-ΓερόλυμπουΑ., ΒιτοπούλουΑ. (επιμ.).(2004), Αστικός Σχεδιασμός και Τοπίο, Διδακτικές Σημειώσεις, Διατμηματικό Πρόγραμμα Μεταπτυχιακών Σπουδών Αρχιτεκτονικής Τοπίου, Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης, Θεσσαλονίκη. Kamvasinou, Κ. (2006), “Reclaiming the Obsolete in Transitional Landscapes: Perception, Motion, Engagement”, Journal of Landscape Architecture, Autumn ’06, σσ. 16-27. Koziraki, M., Tratsela, M., (2004), “Enhancement and integration of historic monuments into the urban landscape: a “play” between time and space”, IFLA Central Region Conference, New Landscapes for Old Structures and New Structures in Old Landscapes,3-5 May, Prague. Lassus, B. (1998), The Landscape Approach, University of Pennsylavnia Press, Philadelphia. Latz, P. (2000), “The Idea of Making Time Visible”, Topos 33, Munich, σσ. 94-99. Lewis P., (1979), “Axioms for reading the landscape: some guides to the American Scence”, στοThe Interpretation of Ordinary Landscapes: Geographical Essays, Meining, D.W., Jackson, J.B. et al. (eds), Oxford University Press, New York. καιστο Center 14 on Landscape Urbanism σσ. 149-173. Loreau, M. etals (2001), “Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: current knowledge and future challenges, Science 294, σσ.804-808. Loures, L. & Panagopoulos, T. (2007), “Sustainable reclamation of industrial areas in urban landscape”, στοTransactions on Ecology & the Environment, Vol. 102, WIT Press. Low, S., Taplin, D., Scheld, S. (2005), Rethinking Urban Parks, Public Space and Cultural Diversity, University of Texas Press, Texas. Lynch, K. (1960), (1994),The Image of the City, The MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., London. Mancuso F., Kowalski K., (eds), (2007), Squares of Europe, Squares for Europe, Places d’Europe, Places pour l’Europe, Cracow. Masboungi, Α. (dir.), (2002),Projetsurbains en France - French Urban Strategies, Editions du Moniteur, Paris. McHarg, I. (2007), (1969), “Processes with values”, Center 14, On Landscape Urbanism, The Center for American Architecture and Design, σσ. 10-21. McHarg, I. (1969), Design with Nature, Natural History Press, New York. Mostafavi, M. (2003), “Landscapes of Urbanism”, στοLandscape Urbanism. A Manual for the Machinic Landscape, Mohsen Mostafavi and CiroNajle (eds.), AA Publications, SYL.ES, Spain, σσ. 5-21. Park, K. (2007), “The Urban Ecology of Globalization”, kerb 15, Landscape Urbarnism, McLaren Press, Melbourne, σσ.45-49. Robins, Ed., El-Khoury, R. (eds.) (2004), Shaping the City, Studies in History, Theory and Urban Design, Routledge, New York, London. Στεφάνου, Ι. (2001), Η φυσιογνωμία ενός τόπου. 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