Learning Outcomes
After successfully completing the course, the students
- acquire scientific knowledge on current global environmental issues
- acquire basic background that facilitates them to continue to postgraduate studies
Course Content (Syllabus)
Spatial and temporal scales of atmospheric processes. Mechanisms of emission and removal of atmospheric constituents. Life time.
· Global circles of atmospheric constituents that contain sulphur, nitrogen, halogen and carbon.
· Introduction to the ozone layer. Mechanisms of ozone production and destruction. Dynamics of the ozone layer.
· Depletion of the ozone layer. Periodic changes. Long-term trends.
· Global changes of atmospheric transmission due to aerosols. Size distribution of particles. Classification of Particles.
· Aerosol optical properties. Phase function. Aerosol effects on surface albedo.
· Emission of radiation from the Sun. Solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere (spectral characteristics and temporal changes).
· Factors that affect the transition of the solar radiation through the atmosphere. Spatial and temporal changes of solar radiation reaching the ground.
· Chemical and photochemical processes in the atmosphere. Photolysis rate of atmospheric molecules (calculation and measurement). Biological effects of solar ultraviolet radiation (calculation of the absorbed dose, measurements).
· Emission and propagation of the earth’s radiation through the atmosphere. Calculation of the absorbed and transmitted radiation flux.
· Climate change. The Earth’s energy balance. Natural and anthropogenic greenhouse effect.
· Solar flux changes and climate forcing. Anthropogenic changes of radiation effective atmospheric constituents and effects on radiation fluxes.
· Solar activity and effects on the atmosphere and the Earth’s climate.