SEED PRODUCTION AND CLONAL PROPAGATION OF PLANTS

Specific Foundation / Core

The course is also offered to exchange programme students.

After the successful processing of the classes students must: 1. Have understand all the reproduction mechanisms of plants (flower morphology, pollination, fertilization, incompatibility, sterility, segregation) 2. Have understand the production systems of plants (sexual and asexual reproduction) 3. Have learned about the production of certified seeds- inbred lines 4. Have learned about seed production of cultivars and hybrids 5. Have trained in crossing techniques in a variety of plant species 6. Have acquainted with the method of testing seed germination and vigor 7. Have informed about production of certified and registered genetic material as well as its transmission 8. Have informed about the storage of seeds and bulbs 9. Have informed about the Gene Bank (collection,conditions of storage, seed multiplication etc)

Section 1 Introduction. Reproduction mechanisms of seed, Flower morphology, Production of gametes, Sterility (cytoplasmic and genetic) Section 2 Production of gametes: Ovaries and development of embryo-sacs. Pollination, Fertilization. Phenomenon of Incompatibility: Sporophytic and Gametophytic Incompatibility. Practical course: Seed testing germination and vigor Section 3 Development of fruits and seeds. The phenomenon of apomixes. Reproduction systems in plants. Sexual reproduction and the impact on seed production. Practical course : Testing the seed vigor. Section 4 System of self and cross fertilization asexual reproduction and the impact on seed production Practical course: Testing of seed viability. Section 5 Production of certified seed Seed production in self-fertilized plants. Stages to produce inbred lines. Production of certified seeds in Triticum aestivum and Triticum durum. Practical course: Crossing techniques in wheat, burley and oat. Section 6 Production of certified seeds in N. tabacum, Gossypium hirsutum and L. esculentum. Hybrid seed production in self-fertilized plants. Practical course: Crossing techniques in tomato and pepper. Section 7 Seed production in cross-fertilized plants. Stages of seed production in hybrids. Production of hybrids: Production of corn (Zea mays) and cotton (Helianthus annus) hybrids Practical course: Evaluation of seedlings under stress conditions Section 8 Seed production of sugar beet (Veta vulgaris), onion, alfalfa and cabbage. Seed production of Genetically Modified Plants. Practical course: Crossing techniques of (Fabaceae and cabbage) Section 9 Seed production of asexually reproduced plants. Production of propagation material in fruit trees. Potato Seed production. Seed production in Strawberry. Production of seedlings. Practical course: Production of Seedlings. Grafting techniques. Section 10 Verification and seed transmission. Genotyping with molecular markers. Seed purity and germination Practical course: Crossing techniques in rose Section 11 Hulled seeds. Storage of seeds and bulbs. Practical course: Tissue culture and in vitro culture of plants Section 12 Cultivar preservation. Legislation and transmission of propagation material Practical course: Micropropagation of cultivated plants Section 13 Short revision of the classes and presentation of home works by students in groups. The themes have given to the students at the first class.

Seed, Self-fertilization, Cross-fertilization, Asexual and Sexual Reproduction, Propagation material, Cultivars, Hybrids, Testing of germination and vigor, Verification, Authentication, Conservation, Seed transmission, Biodiversity.

19-05-2020