Course Content (Syllabus)
Physico-chemical characteristics and properties of inland waters and their importance for fish, such as temperature, light, turbidity, oxygen, pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, salinity, heavy metals, organic compounds etc.
About fish in general. External and internal morphology (anatomy) of fish and elements of fish physiology. Description of biological systems such as respiratory, digestive, circulatory, endocrine, and reproductive. Description and function of the swim bladder, coloration of fish, sensory organs of fish (Vision, Hearing, Smell, Taste).
Fish reproduction and fecundity, control of spawning time and age, sex differentiation. Fish fecundity and egg size, changes of fecundity with age and size of fish. Reproductive maturation and spawning. Types and strategies of fish reproduction, gonadal development and maturation, Incubation, and embryonic development.
Geographical distribution and migrations of fish. Zoogeographical distribution of fish, Migrations, Ichthyological zones of running waters.
Age and growth of fish. Fish age, terminology, Age determination from various anatomical elements (scales, otoliths, etc.). Accuracy of age calculation check. Fish growth, length-weight relationships, condition factor, specific growth rate.
Food and feeding habits of fish, food analysis methods of stomach contents, such as Arithmetic, Volumetric, 'Frequency of occurrence’ method etc.
Fish stock estimation methods. Fish mortality and survival. Fish catches and marking of fish.
Fishery management of inland waters. Characteristics of fish habitats, differences between streams and lakes. Classification and morphology of rivers and lakes. Fishery upgrading strategies, upgrading of fish living conditions, and breeding places. Sustainable management of lake ecosystems, eutrophication.
Climate change and inland water ecosystems (rivers, lakes, lagoons).
Fishery legislation of inland waters.