Learning Outcomes
The students will be familiar with mathematical problem solving as this has been established by Polya. They will be able to choose and apply problem solving techniques, to state conjectures, check them, to develop mathematical reasoning skills, to create and pose their own problems.
Course Content (Syllabus)
What is problem. Categorization of problems. exercises vs problems. Closed vs open-ended problems. Polya's four steps. Problem solving heuristics. Mental argumentation. Mathematical modeling. Mathematical reasoning - proof. Experimentation in problem solving. The issue of control in problem solving. Problem Posing.
Additional bibliography for study
1. Polya, G. (1945). How to solve it. Princeton University Press.
2. Polya, G. (1981). Mathematical Discovery: on understanding, learning, and teaching problem solving. Academic Press: New York.
3. Zeits, P. (1999). The art and craft of problem solving. New York: John Wiley
4. Brown, S. & Walter, M. (2005). The Art of Problem Posing, Hillsdale, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates.