Physiology III

Specific Foundation / Core

The course is also offered to exchange programme students.

The goal of Physiology III is to introduce the student to the principles and the concepts of gastrointestinal and reproductive physiology that are pertinent to the practice of veterinary medicine. Other goals are to introduce the student to physiopathology and clinical problem-solving techniques and to help the student understand the relatioship between physiology and the practice of veterinary medicine.

PHYSIOLOGY III Digestive system 1st hour Regulation of gastrointestinal function. Prehension and mastication of food 2nd hour Deglutition. Smooth muscle activity 3rd hour The enteric nervous system. Segmentation and peristalsis. Motility of the esophagus. Storage of food in stomach 4th hour Control of gastric motility. Gastric emptying. Vomiting 5th hour The microbial ecosystem of fermentative digestion. Substrates of fermentative digestion. Reticulorumen motility. Rumination 6th hour Control of reticulorumen motility. Omasal function. Rumen development and esophageal function 7th hour Motility of the small intestine. The ileocecal sphincter. Motility of the colon in the dog and cat 8th hour Function of the equine large hindgut. Defecation 9th hour The salivary glands. The gastric secretion 10th hour Pancreatic exocrine secretions 11th hour Bile secretion 12th hour Intestinal secretion. Gastrointestinal blood flow 13th hour Digestion and absorption: The nonfermentative processes 14th hour Digestion: The fermentative processes 15th hour Biochemistry of intestine epithelial cells. Transport of substances and energy metabolism in the gut 16th hour The role of volatile fatty acids in ruminant metabolism. Glucose in ruminants. Ruminant gluconeogenesis 17th hour Fatty acids in the rumen. Ruminant fatty acids synthesis in adipose tissue and mammary gland 3 hours Practical, computer assisted (The digestive system) Male Reproductive System 18th hour Introduction, androgens (biosynthesis, site of production, catabolism, regulation of production, physiologic role) 19th hour Spermatozoa: site and process of spermatogenesis, maturation, storage, degeneration and absorption. Humoral control and factors that affect spermatogenesis 20th hour Epididymis, vas deferens, prostate, seminal vesicles and bulbourethral glands: the physiologic role 21st hour Penile erection and coitus. Ejaculation. Puberty Female Reproductive System 22nd hour The hypothalamus-pituitary gland-ovary axis. Release of gonadotropins. FSH, LH, prolactin and oxytocin. Regulation of gonadotropin release. The role of estrogens and progesterone. Control of prolactin release. Role of dopamine. 23rd -24th hour Ovarian follicle development: role of FSH and LH. Mechanism of estrogen synthesis 25th -26th hour Control of ovulation and the corpus luteum [ 27th -28th hour Progesterone secretion from corpus luteum. Regression of the corpus luteum. Ovarian and estrous cycles 29th hour Puberty and reproductive senescence 30th -31st hour Hormonal control of sexual behavior. The influence of photoperiod, pheromones, lactation and nutrition in reproduction 32nd hour Pregnancy, sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction. Embryo implantation 33rd hour Placenta: hormone production, gas exchange, transport of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, water, microorganisms, drugs. Physiology of the fetal fluids 34th hour` Effect of hormones on mammary gland development, initiation of lactation, production of milk in the alveoli, hormonal changes during lactation, use of hormones in enhancing or interrupting lactation, induction of lactation. The milk: quantity, composition, species differencies, lactose and lactose synthetase, milk lipids and their chemical composition, the colostrums 3 hours Practical (Sperm) 3 hours Practical (Rat orchidectomy) 3 hours Practical (Rat ovariectomy)

23-11-2020