Learning Outcomes
By the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1) describe and explain the origin of sedimentary rocks and sedimentary processes
2) distinguish, classify, and describe the textural characteristics of sediments and sedimentary rocks and their statistical parameters.
3) identify, classify, and describe the components of clastic sediments and the processes of transport and deposition of sedimentary grains,
4) identify, classify, and describe the petrographic types of sedimentary rocks, specifically clastic, chemical, and biogenic sediments
Course Content (Syllabus)
1. Origin of sedimentary rocks and sedimentation processes
Sedimentation rates and factors affect their rate. Processes of sedimentary rocks origin (physical, chemical, biological) and sediments genesis (weathering-transportation-deposition-diagenesis). Weathering factors, weathering and climate, weathering and clay minerals. Forms of diagenesis, late diagenesis transplantation and anchimetamorphosis.
2. Texture of the sedimentary rocks and statistical parameters
Texture of the sedimentary rocks. Clastic sediments texture. Carbonate rocks texture. Statistical parameters. Textural maturity. Mineralogical maturity. Orientation. Porosity-Permeability.
3. Components of clastic sediments
Quartz, feldspars, rock or mineral fragments, heavy minerals, zeolites, chain silicates, organic matter and other constituents. Cement materials. Mineral and rock alterations and transformations. Chemical composition of sedimentary rocks.
4. Petrographic types of sedimentary rocks
4.1. Clastic sediments: Conglomerate and Breccia. Sandstones: Diagenesis, classification, petrographic types. Mudstones: Components, classification, petrographic types, sedimentary rocks rich in iron. Clays: Diagenesis and petrographic types. Residual weathering rocks: Laterites and bauxites. Soil: Components, textural classes and soil genesis. Flysch - Molasse. Volcanoclastic sediments and zeolitic sedimentary rocks. Clastic sedimentary rocks of Greece.
4.2. Chemical and Biological Sediments: Evaporites. Carbonate sediments: Carbonaceous sedimentation, mineral components, carbonate mud, sand and formations, diagenesis and classification and petrographic types of carbonate sediments. Silica sediments. Phosphorites. Carbonaceous sediments. Chemical and biogenic sedimentary rocks of Greece.
Keywords
Sediments, sedimentary rocks, petrographic types, components, texture
Course Bibliography (Eudoxus)
1. Ιζηματογενή Πετρώματα, Ανανίας Τσιραμπίδης, Εκδοτικός οίκος Γιαχούδη, Θεσσαλονίκη, 317 σελ., 2008. ISBN: 978-960-6700-22-4
2. Ιζηματολογία, Αν. Ψιλοβίκος και Αρ. Ψιλοβίκος, Εκδόσεις Τζιόλα, Θεσσαλονίκη, 512 σελ., 2019. ISBN-13: 978-960-418-374-6