Learning Outcomes
Upon successful completion of the course, students will:
1. know fundamental tools from Probability Theory and Combinatorics.
2. be able to solve mathematical problems using randomness.
3. practice in the design and analysis of randomized algorithms.
Course Content (Syllabus)
The course aims at introducing the "probabilistic method", which is a fundamental and powerful technique for problems in discrete mathematics, among others. The basic idea behind the method is that, in order to prove the existence of an "object" having certain "desired properties", it is enough to show that a "suitable" random experiment generates the desired "object" with positive probability. We focus on methods as well as in the applications of the method in various problems of discrete mathematics.
We cover topics such as: the basic method, linearity of expectation, the second moment method, branching processes and phase transitions in random graphs, concentration inequalities, Lovász Local Lemma, entropy methods, and applications thereof in combinatorics, discrete geometry and algorithms.
Additional bibliography for study
N. Alon, J. Spencer, The Probabilistic Method, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2008.
B. Bollobás, Random Graphs, 2nd Edition, Cambridge University Press, 2001.
S. Janson, T. Luczak and A. Rucinski, Random Graphs, Wiley, 2000.
M. Molloy and B. Reed, Graph Coloring and the Probabilistic Method, Springer, 2002.
S. Roch, Modern discrete probability: An essential toolkit, Cambridge University Press, 2024.